1. General Instructions

1.1 Scope – Summary papers will be accepted for work involving research in integrated crop-livestock systems.

1.2. Sections – Summary papers should be developed and arranged in the following order: title, authors, author-paper documentation, abstract, list of keywords, introduction, materials and methods, results and discussion, conclusions, acknowledgements, literature cited. The Abstract should begin with “Abstract:” left justified and in boldface, with the abstract text beginning immediately on the same line. The same format should be followed for the “Keywords:”. The following section titles should be centered on the page with the first letter of each word capitalized.

1.3. pdf File. – The summary paper should be converted to pdf file format, with a maximum length of three pages, inclusive of tables and figures. Papers longer than three pages will be rejected. The maximum pdf file size accepted is 500 KB. Therefore, authors should take care when developing tables and figures that programs and/or methods utilized do not result in the file size exceeding the 500 KB limit.

1.4. Language – The official languages for the Symposium Proceedings is Portuguese and English. However, each paper written in Portuguese should translate into English the Title, Abstract, and Keywords.

1.5. Style, units of measure, symbols, abbreviations and acronyms:
a. Standardize the summary papers using internationally accepted nomenclature and coding. For papers written in Portuguese, foreign words utilized (that do not have an equivalent in Portuguese) should be italicized. All latin names (i.e., the scientific binomial) of organisms should be italicized;

b. The SI system (Systèm International d’Unités) should be used consistently in reporting units of measurements and their abbreviations.

c. Separate values from its unit by a space (e.g., 50 kg, and not 50kg) and use a right diagonal bar (/) instead of negative exponents (e.g., 50 kg/ha and not 50 kg.ha-1);

d. Spell out numbers less than 10 (e.g., eight and not 8), except in the case of exact means, a range of quantities, and numbers used in statistical presentations;

e. Follow the Statistical System of IBGE for writing numbers. In this system, the thousands place is always separated by a period (e.g.: 5.920; 20.000; 356.000,00 and not 5920; 20 000; 356 000,00), and the decimal portion is separated by a comma (e.g.: 144,30; 1.478,89 and not 114.3; 1,478.89);

f. Use hyphens only to avoid ambiguities (e.g.: a 3-mL sample);

g. Avoid using periods in acronyms (USA and not U.S.A.);

h. Use symbols for elements and compounds when appropriate, especially for repeated use;

i. Use common names of active ingredients for chemical formulations instead of commercial names. These should be clearly identified, should they need mentioning;

1.6. Tables and Figures – Up to three tables and/or figures may be included and they should be inserted sequentially within the text.

1.6.1. Figures – Should only be included when essential for clarifying the text. They should be numbered sequentially, in Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3), appropriately referenced in the text. They should be centered on the page. Internal text (e.g., legends) should be in Times New Roman font, regular, size 8;

a) Figures should be prepared in black and white. Distinction among treatments should be made using appropriate symbols for line graphs and distinct hatching/shading in bar charts.

b) Photographs or drawings should be in “JPG” format. Beware that photographs or drawings in color can result in files that are too large for the 500 KB limit.

c) Leave a blank line before and after the figure frame. Write the figure number on the line immediately below the figure frame, left justified, with only the first letter capitalized (e.g., Figure 1, or Figure 2), Times New Roman font, regular, size 10. Leave two blank spaces after the “Figure #” and write the figure legend in the same font and size (no capital letters), using the indent marker on the ruler of MS Word so that the left margins of the figure legend line up with the beginning word of the legend.

1.6.2. Tables – Prepare tables using the Table menu in MS Word, autoformatted using the Simple 1 style option, with black lines, and centered on the page.

a) Table text should be Times New Roman font, regular, size 10. leave one blank line before and after tables. Place the title on the line immediately above the table. Number tables sequentially (1, 2, 3) with and they should be appropriately referenced in the text discussion;

b) Include in tables only the minimum necessary: include only data essential to comprehension of the text. Adequately describe any abbreviations, either in the table title or in table footnotes, referenced by superscript letters (a, b, c, etc.). Place units of measure above each column.

1.7. Format of text – Use A4 (210 x 297 mm) paper size, Times New Roman size 10 regular font, single-spaced, with all margins set at 2,5 cm except the left margin, which should be set at 3,5 cm. Papers may contain up to three pages.

2. Structure of the Summary Paper

2.1. General – The paper should be divided into sections, with section headings in bold letters, in the following order: Title, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgements, and Literature Cited.

2.2. Title – Should be informative, containing a maximum of 250 characters (including spaces). The title should be bolded and centered on the page. When necessary, indicate funding sources for the research as the first numbered footnote, placed at the end of the title. Leave one blank line after the title.

2.3. Authors – It is recommended to limit the number of authors to six maximum. Authors should be listed with complete names, each author separated by a comma. Include author affiliations as sequential footnote numerals (1, 2, 3...) after the surname of each author. Leave one blank line after list of authors.

2.4. Affiliations – Should be in Times New Roman, size 8, and included immediately after the author list, following the same sequence cited in the author list. May include the title and affiliation and title for each author. Leave a blank line after author affiliations.

2.5. Abstract – Should contain no maor than 1.500 characters (including spaces). Write in direct language. Should be informative with approximately 1/3 of the text referring to introduction/justification and materials and methods, with the remaining 2/3 dedicated to results and conclusions. Avoid use of equations, bibliography citations or undefined abbreviations in the abstract. Include the primary results and conclusions, any new techniques or new concepts, and practical recommendations if pertinent. The text should be left justified, beginning with “Abstract:” followed by two spaces before the first word of the abstract text. Leave one blank line after the Abstract.

2.6. Keywords – Include up to six keywords, in alphabetical order, separated by commas, and in small letters. Do not use words included in the title. Leave one blank line after Keywords.

2.7. Main Text – Divide the body of the paper into the following sections shown below. All section headings should be in boldface type, centered on the page, with the first letter of each word capitalized. Indent the first sentence in each section 1,0 cm from the left margin, and begin the first sentence on the line immediately below each heading (no blank line between the heading and the text that follows).

a. Introduction – Give a brief background to the work, demonstrating the justification of the work. Finish the introduction with the objectives of the research. Leave one blank line after the Introduction.

b. Materials and Methods – Provide brief yet specific methodology employed in carrying out the research. Leave one blank line after this section.

c. Results and Discusssion – Highlight the principal results, making pertinent reference to the tables and figures, as well as to the bibliography cited. Tables and figures should be inserted sequentially as they appear in the discussion of results. Avoid excessive use of abbreviations. When appropriate present statistical analyses of the data. Provide critical analysis and interpretation of the data in view of current knowledge, and avoid excessive comparisons to the literature. Point out where knowledge gaps still exist, and provide suggestions for future work. Leave one blank line after this section.

d. Conclusions – Present the primary conclusions, in short phrases, separated by paragraphs. Do not use this section to summarize results (which was done in the Abstract), but bring attention to the progress and implications or applications that the work provides. Emphasize the limitations that persist, and provide as appropriate any suggestions for future work. Leave one blank line after this section.

e. Acknowledgements – This is optional and should be very brief. Leave one blank line after this section.

f. Literature cited – Author names cited in the text should be in normal capitalization (not all capital letters) and followed by the year of publication. When there are two authors for the cited publication, use the “&” between the author surnames, and when three or more authors use the format of the first author name followed by “et al.”. Exemples: "The results of Fulano (2006)"; "The technique of Fulano & Beltrano (2006)"; "Results from Brazil (Sicrano, 2006; Fulano et al., 2006; Sicrano & Beltrano, 2006) demonstrate…". A maximum of six references can be included in the Literature Cited. Follow accepted international format for reference citations.

All accepted volunteered summary papers will be presented as posters at the symposium.